Active and Reactive Monitoring
Introduction to Active and Reactive Monitoring
✅ Active
Looking at control measures to see if they are correct and being used before accidents, etc. are caused.
❌ Reactive
Using accident, incident and ill-health data to highlight areas of concern.
Active Monitoring
Measure conformance/non-conformance with standards, e.g.
- Number and quality of risk assessments against plan.
- Health and safety training to schedule.
- Consultative committee meetings to schedule.
- Workplace inspections to schedule.
Active Monitoring
Safety Inspection
- Examination of workplace, statutory inspection, plant & machinery, pre-use checks.
- Usually done by one line manager or a competent person.
Safety Sampling
- Representative sample to judge compliance.
- Less time-consuming.
Safety Tour
- A high-profile walk-around inspection in a workplace carried out by a group including senior managers.
- The intention is to interact and be highly visible.
Systematic Inspection:
| Category | Inspection Focus |
|---|---|
| Plant | – Machinery – Vehicles |
| Premises | – Workplace – Environment |
| People | – Working methods – Behaviour |
| Procedures | – Safe systems – Permits to work |
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Arrangements for Active Monitoring
NEBOSH-IGC
International General Certificate
Factors to consider when planning the introduction of active monitoring:
- Type of monitoring required.
- Frequency.
- Allocation of responsibilities.
- Competence of the inspector.
- Use of checklists.
- Action planning for problems found.
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Example Inspection System
NEBOSH-IGC
International General Certificate
Bank head office:
- Purpose – monitor H&S standards.
- Frequency – monthly.
- Competence – one-day course.
- Persons responsible – managers at different levels.
- Inspection checklist – general checklist, tailored if required.
- Follow-up arrangements – an action plan.
Group Exercise
In groups, list the topic headings that should be included on an inspection checklist for use in your workplace.
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Arrangements for Workplace Inspections
Typical topics in a generic inspection checklist:
- Fire safety.
- Housekeeping.
- Environment issues.
- Traffic routes.
- Chemical safety.
- Machinery safety.
- Electrical safety.
- Welfare facilities.
Reactive Monitoring
Accidents, incidents, ill health, other unwanted events and situations:
- Highlights areas of concern.
- Things that have already gone wrong.
- Measures failure.
Two methods:
- Lessons from one specific event, e.g., an accident.
- Data collected over a period.
Reactive Monitoring
Data collected about:
- Accidents.
- Dangerous occurrences.
- Near misses.
- Ill-health cases.
- Worker complaints.
- Enforcement action.
Assist in analysing:
- Trends – events over a period of time.
- Patterns – hot spots of certain types e.g., injury.
Reactive Monitoring
- Lost-time Accident Frequency Rate
- Lost-time accidents per 100,000 hours worked.
Formula:
Number of lost-time accidents during a specific time period
÷
Number of hours worked over the same period
× 100,000